Muscles of Gluteal region
- Gluteus Maximus Muscle
Origin:
Outer surface of ileum behind the posterior Gluteal line, coccyx and sacrum
Insertion:
Ileotibial tract and gluteal tuberosity
Innervation:
Inferior Gluteal nerve
Function:
Extension and laterally rotation of thigh at hip joint and also extension of the knee joint through ileotibial tract
- Gluteus Minimus Muscle
Outer surface of ileum b/w middle Gluteal line and inferior Gluteal line
Insertion:
Anterior border of greater tronchanter of femur
Innervation:
Superior gluteal nerve
Function:
Abducts and medially rotates the thigh at hip joint
- Gluteus Medius Muscle
Outer surface of ileum between iliac crest above and middle gluteal line below
Insertion:
Lateral surface of greater tronchanter
Innervation:
Superior gluteal nerve
Function:
Abducts the thigh and anterior fibers medially rotate the thigh at hip joint
- Tensor Fasciae Latae Muscle
Iliac crest b/w ASIS and iliac tubercle
Insertion:
Ileotibial tract
Innervation:
Superior gluteal nerve
Function:
Assists gluteus maximus in extending the knee through ileotibial tract and also abducts the thigh along with medius and minimus muscles
- Piriformis Muscle
Anterior surface of the 2nd, 3rd and 4th sacral vertebrae in pelvis
Insertion:
Upper border of greater tronchanter of femur
Innervation:
1st and 2nd sacral nerves
Function:
Lateral rotation of the thigh at hip joint
- Obturator Internus Muscle
Inner surface of Obturator membrane
Insertion:
Upper border of greater tronchanter
Innervation:
Obturator internus from sacral plexus
Function:
Lateral rotation of the thigh at hip joint
- Gamellus Superior Muscle
Spine of ischium
Insertion:
Upper border of greater tronchanter of femur
Innervation:
Obturator internus from sacral plexus
Function:
Lateral rotation of thigh at hip joint
- Gamellus Inferior Muscle
Upper margin of ischial tuberosity
Insertion:
Upper border of greater tronchanter of femur
Sacral plexus
Function:
Lateral rotation of thigh at hip joint
- Quadratus Femoris Muscle
Lateral border of ischial tuberosity
Insertion:
Quadrate tubercle of femur
Innervation:
Sacral plexus
Function:
Lateral rotation of thigh at hip joint
Muscle of Anterior compartment of Thigh
- Sartorius Muscle
ASIS (Anterior Superior Iliac Spine)
Insertion:
Upper medial border of tibia
Innervation:
Femoral nerve
Function:
Flexes, abducts and laterally rotates the thigh at hip joint. It flexes and medially rotates the leg at the knee joint.
- Iliacus Muscle
Iliac fossa within abdomen
Insertion:
Lesser tronchanter of femur
Innervation:
Femoral nerve
Function:
Flexes the thigh on abdomen and abdomen on thigh as sitting up from lying
- Psoas Muscle
Transverse processes and intervertebral discs of T12 to L5
Insertion:
Lesser tronchanter of femur
Innervation:
Lumber plexus
Function:
Flexion of thigh on abdomen and abdomen on thigh as in sitting up from lying
- Pectineus Muscle
Superior ramus of pubic bone
Insertion:
Upper border of linea aspera
Innervation:
Femoral nerve
Function:
Flexion and adduction of thigh at hip joint
- Quadriceps Femoris Muscle
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Origin:
Straight head:
ASIS
Inserts on patella as quadriceps tendon which in turn inserts on tibial tuberosity
Innervation:
Femoral nerve
Function:
Flexion of thigh at hip joint and extension of hip at knee joint
Vastus Medialis
Upper medial shaft of femur
Quadriceps tendon
Innervation:
Femoral nerve
Function:
Extension of leg at knee joint
Vastus Lateralis
Upper lateral shaft of femur
Insertion:
Quadriceps tendon
Innervation:
Femoral nerve
Function:
Extension of leg at knee joint
Vastus Medius
Anterior and lateral shaft of femur
Insertion:
Quadriceps tendon
Innervat:ion:
Femoral nerve
Function:
Extension of leg at knee joint
These muscles are also called as Hamstring muscles
Biceps Femoris Muscle
Origin:
Long head:
Ischial tuberosity
Short head:
Linea aspera
Insertion:
Head of fibula
Innervation:
Sciatic nerve
Function:
Extension of thigh at hip joint and flexion along with lateral rotation of leg at knee joint
Semitendinosus Muscle
Ischial tuberosity
Tibial portion of sciatic nerve
Function:
Extension of thigh at hip joint; Flexion and medial rotation of leg at knee joint
Semimembranosus Muscle
Origin:
Ischial tuberosity
Insertion:
Medial condyle of tibia
Innervation:
Tibial portion of sciatic nerve
Function:
Extension of thigh at hip joint; flexion and medial rotation of leg at knee joint
Origin:
Ischial tuberosity
Insertion:
Adductor tubercle of femur
Innervation:
Sciatic nerve
Function:
Extension of thigh at hip joint
Muscles of Medial compartment of Thigh
- Gracilis Muscle
Origin:
Inferior ramus of pubis and ramus of ischium
Insertion:
Upper medial border of tibia
Innervation:
Obturator nerve
Function:
Adduction of thigh at hip joint and flexion of leg at knee joint
- Adductor Brevis Muscle
Origin:
Inferior ramus of pubis
Insertion:
Linea aspera
Innervation:
Obturator nerve
Function:
Adduction of thigh at hip joint
- Adductor Longus Muscle
Origin:
Body and inferior ramus of pubis
Insertion:
Linea aspera
Innervation:
Obturator nerve
Function:
Adduction of thigh at hip joint
- Adductor Magnus Muscle
Inferior ramus of pubis, ramus of ischium and ischial tuberosity
Insertion:
Adductor part:
Linea aspera
Hamstring part:
Adductor tubercle
Innervation:
Adductor portion:
Obturator nerve
Hamstring portion:
Sciatic nerve
Function:
Adductor portion:
Adduction of thigh at hip joint
Hamstring portion:
Extension of leg at knee joint
- Obturator Externus Muscle
Outer surface of Obturator membrane
Insertion:
Medial border of greater tronchanter
Innervation:
Obturator nerve
Function:
Lateral rotation of thigh at hip joint
Muscles of Anterior compartment of Leg
- Tibialis Anterior Muscle
Shaft of tibia and interosseous membrane
Insertion:
Medial cuneiform and base of 1st metatarsal
Innervation:
Deep peroneal nerve
Function:
Extension of foot at ankle joint; inversion of foot at subtalar and transverse tarsal joints; holds up medial longitudinal arch of the foot
- Extensor Digitorum Longus Muscle
Origin:
Anterior surface of shaft of fibula
Extensor expansion of lateral four toesInnervation:
Deep peroneal nerve
Function:
Extension of toes and extension of foot at ankle joint
- Peroneus Tertius Muscle
Anterior surface of shaft of fibula
Insertion:
Base of distal phalanx of fifth toe
Innervation:
Deep peroneal nerve
Function:
Extension of foot at ankle joint; eversion of foot at subtalar joint and extension of 5th toe- Extensor Hallucis Longus Muscle
Anterior surface of shaft of fibula
Insertion:
Distal phalanx of big toe
Innervation:
Deep peroneal nerve
Function:
Extension of foot at ankle joint and extension o big toe
- Extensor Digitorum Brevis Muscle
Origin:
Calcaneum
Insertion:
Proximal phalanx of great toe, 2nd, 3rd and 4th toesInnervation:
Deep peroneal nerve
Function:
Extension of toes except the 5th
Muscles of Lateral compartment of Leg
- Peroneus Longus Muscle
Lateral surface of shaft of fibula
Insertion:
Medial cuneiform and base of 1st metatarsal
Innervation:
Superficial peroneal nerve
Function:
Plantar flexion of ankle joint and also support the medial longitudinal arch of foot
- Peroneus Brevis Muscle
Lateral surface of shaft fibula
Insertion:
Base of 5th metatarsal bone
Innervation:
Superficial peroneal nerve
Function:
Plantar flexion of ankle joint and longitudinal arch of the foot
Muscles of Posterior compartment of Leg
Superficial Group
- Gastrocnemius Muscle
Lateral head:
Lateral condyle of femur
Medial head:
Medial condyle of femur
Insertion:
Achilles tendon which in turn inserts on the posterior surface of calcaneumInnervation:
Tibial portion of sciatic nerve
Function:
Flexion of the knee joint and plantar flexion of the ankle joint
- Plantaris Muscle
Just above the supracondylar ridge of femur
Insertion:
Achilles tendon
Tibial nerve (branch of sciatic nerve)
Function:
Flexion of leg at knee joint and plantar flexion of foot at ankle joint
- Soleus Muscle
Shaft of tibia (soleal line) and fibula
Insertion:
Achilles tendon
Innervation:
Tibial nerve
Function:
Plantar flexion of ankle joint
Deep Group
- Popliteus Muscle
Lateral surface of lateral condyle of femur
Insertion:
Just above soleal line on posterior surface of tibia
Tibial nerve
Function:
Flexion and medial rotation of leg at knee joint
- Flexor Hallucis Longus Muscle
Insertion:
Base of distal phalanx of big toe
Innervation:
Tibial nerve
Function:
Flexion of big toe and flexion of ankle joint
- Flexor Digitorum Longus Muscle
Posterior surface of shaft of tibia
Insertion:
Distal phalanges of lateral four toesTibial nerve
Function:
Flexion of lateral four toes and flexion of ankle joint- Tibialis Posterior Muscle
Posterior surface of shaft of tibia fibula and interosseous membrane
Insertion:
Navicular and other adjoining bones (neighboring)Innervation:
Tibial nerve
Function:
Plantar flexion of ankle joint, support the transverse arch and inverts foot at subtalar and transverse tarsal joint
The collection of pictures with origin and insertion is excellent. you have done some great job and it is tremondous. keep it up
ReplyDeleteDr.Murali krishna Bengalore